Dextromethorphan

pronounced as (dex troe meth or' fan)

Brand Name(s): Delsym 12-hour Cough, Robitussin Cough Long-Acting®, Triaminic Long-Acting Cough®, Vicks DayQuil Cough®, Alka-Seltzer Plus Cold and Cough Formula® (as a combination product containing Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Alka-Seltzer Plus Day and Night Cold Formulas® (as a combination product containing Aspirin, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Alka-Seltzer Plus Day Non-Drowsy Cold Formula® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Alka-Seltzer Plus Flu Formula® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Alka-Seltzer Plus Mucus and Congestion® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Alka-Seltzer Plus Night Cold Formula® (as a combination product containing Aspirin, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Phenylephrine), Children's Dimetapp Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Children's Dimetapp Multisymptom Cold and Flu® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Children's Mucinex Cough® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Children's Mucinex Multi-Symptom Cold® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Children's Robitussin Cough and Cold CF® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Children's Robitussin Cough and Cold CF® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Children's Robitussin Cough and Cold Long-Acting® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Children's Sudafed PE Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Coricidin HBP Chest Congestion and Cough® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Coricidin HBP Cough and Cold® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Coricidin HBP Day and Night Multi-Symptom Cold® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Coricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Coricidin HBP Nighttime Multi-Symptom Cold® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine), Diabetic Tussin DM® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Dimetane DX® (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine), Mucinex Cough for Kids® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Mucinex DM® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), PediaCare Children's Cough and Congestion® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), PediaCare Children's Fever Reducer Plus Cough and Runny Nose® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), PediaCare Children's Fever Reducer Plus Cough and Sore Throat® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan), PediaCare Children's Fever Reducer Plus Flu® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), PediaCare Children's Fever Reducer Plus Multi-Symptom Cold® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Robitussin Cough and Chest DM® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Robitussin Cough and Cold CF® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Robitussin Cough and Cold Long-Acting® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Robitussin Night Time Cough, Cold, and Flu® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Sudafed PE Cold/Cough® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Sudafed PE Day/Night Cold® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Diphenhydramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Theraflu Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Pheniramine, Phenylephrine), Theraflu Daytime Severe Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Theraflu Max-D Severe Cold and Flu® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine), Triaminic Cough and Sore Throat® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan), Triaminic Day Time Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Triaminic Multi-Symptom Fever® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Tussin DM® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), Tylenol Cold and Cough Daytime® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan), Tylenol Cold and Cough Nighttime® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine), Tylenol Cold and Flu Severe® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Tylenol Cold Multi-Symptom Nighttime® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Tylenol Cold and Mucus Severe® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine), Vicks Children's NyQuil Cold and Cough® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan), Vicks DayQuil Cold and Flu Relief® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Vicks DayQuil Cold and Flu Symptom Relief Plus Vitamin C® (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine), Vicks DayQuil Mucus Control DM® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin), also available generically
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Why is this medicine prescribed?

Dextromethorphan is used to temporarily relieve cough caused by the common cold, the flu, or other conditions. Dextromethorphan will relieve a cough but will not treat the cause of the cough or speed recovery. Dextromethorphan is in a class of medications called antitussives. It works by decreasing activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing.

Are there other uses for this medicine?

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

How should this medicine be used?

Dextromethorphan comes as a liquid-filled capsule, a chewable tablet, a dissolving strip, a solution (liquid), an extended-release (long-acting) suspension (liquid), and a lozenge to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 4 to 12 hours as needed. Follow the directions on the package or prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.

Dextromethorphan should only be used according to the label or package directions. Do not take more than the recommended amount of dextromethorphan in a 24-hour period. Refer to the package or prescription label to determine the amount contained in each dose. Taking dextromethorphan in large amounts can cause serious side effects or death.

Dextromethorphan comes alone and in combination with antihistamines, cough suppressants, and decongestants. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice on which product is best for your symptoms. Check nonprescription cough and cold product labels carefully before using 2 or more products at the same time. These products may contain the same active ingredient(s) and taking them together could cause you to receive an overdose. This is especially important if you will be giving cough and cold medications to a child.

Nonprescription cough and cold combination products, including products that contain dextromethorphan, can cause serious side effects or death in young children. Do not give these products to children younger than 4 years of age. If you give these products to children 4-11 years of age, use caution and follow the package directions carefully.

If you are giving dextromethorphan or a combination product that contains dextromethorphan to a child, read the package label carefully to be sure that it is the right product for a child of that age. Do not give dextromethorphan products that are made for adults to children.

Before you give a dextromethorphan product to a child, check the package label to find out how much medication the child should receive. Give the dose that matches the child's age on the chart. Ask the child's doctor if you don't know how much medication to give the child.

If you are taking the liquid, do not use a household spoon to measure your dose. Use the measuring spoon or cup that came with the medication or use a spoon made especially for measuring medication.

If you are using the dissolving strips, place them on your tongue and swallow after they melt.

If you are taking the chewable tablets you can allow them to melt in your mouth or you can chew them before swallowing.

If you are taking the extended-release suspension, shake the bottle well before each use to mix the medication evenly.

If you are taking the lozenges, allow them to slowly melt in your mouth.

Stop taking dextromethorphan and call your doctor if your cough does not get better within 7 days, if your cough goes away and comes back, or if your cough occurs with a fever, rash, or headache.

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking dextromethorphan,

  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dextromethorphan, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in the product you plan to take. Check the package label for a list of the ingredients.
  • do not take dextromethorphan if you are taking a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), and tranylcypromine (Parnate), or if you have stopped taking an MAO inhibitor within the past 2 weeks.
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take.
  • tell your doctor if you smoke, if you have a cough that occurs with a large amount of phlegm (mucus), or if you have or have ever had breathing problems such as asthma, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis.
  • tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking dextromethorphan, call your doctor.
  • if you have phenylketonuria (PKU, an inherited condition in which a special diet must be followed to prevent damage to your brain that can cause severe intellectual disability), you should know that some brands of chewable tablets that contain dextromethorphan may be sweetened with aspartame, a source of phenylalanine.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.

What should I do if I forget to take a dose?

Dextromethorphan is usually taken as needed. If your doctor has told you to take dextromethorphan regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What should I do in case of overdose?

In case of overdose, call the poison control helpline at 1-800-222-1222. Information is also available online at https://www.poisonhelp.org/help . If the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be awakened, immediately call emergency services at 911.

Symptoms of overdose may include:

  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • drowsiness
  • dizziness
  • unsteadiness
  • changes in vision
  • difficulty breathing
  • fast heartbeat
  • hallucinating (seeing things or hearing voices that do not exist)
  • seizures
  • coma (loss of consciousness for a period of time)

What side effects can this medicine cause?

Dextromethorphan may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

  • dizziness
  • lightheadedness
  • drowsiness
  • nervousness
  • restlessness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • stomach pain

If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

  • rash

Dextromethorphan may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you experience any unusual problems while you are taking this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online ( http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch ) or by phone (1-800-332-1088).

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).

Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them. However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community. See the FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website ( http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p ) for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program.

It is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers (such as weekly pill minders and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location – one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach. http://www.upandaway.org

What other information should I know?

Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about dextromethorphan.

It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.

¶ This branded product is no longer on the market. Generic alternatives may be available.

This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.

The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. represents that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. makes no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. does not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.

AHFS ® Patient Medication Information™. © Copyright, 2023. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists ® , 4500 East-West Highway, Suite 900, Bethesda, Maryland. All Rights Reserved. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized by ASHP.

Selected Revisions: January 15, 2022.